Martyr 4th century

Virgin-Martyrs Agape Irene, and Chionia of Illyria

died c. 304

Also known as Agape · Irene · Chionia · Agape of Aquileia

Three Christian sisters of the Illyrian region who refused to renounce Christ or surrender the holy Scriptures during the persecution of Diocletian. Agape and Chionia were burned alive, and Irene was martyred shortly after.

Feast Day
April 16
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Commemorated as

The Holy Virgin-Martyrs Agape, Irene, and Chionia

Come to them for
Protection from Danger

Life

Agape, Irene, and Chionia were three Christian sisters martyred during the persecution under the emperor Diocletian (284-305), commemorated together on April 16. The tradition records that they came from a devout family, were orphaned early in life, and dedicated themselves to Christ, declining marriage in order to live in prayer and ascetic discipline under the guidance of a spiritual elder. Their account is among the better-attested of the early martyrdoms, an early passio of their trial and execution having been preserved.

When Diocletian's edict commanded that the Christian Scriptures be surrendered and destroyed, the sisters refused to give up the holy books they possessed and would not eat food that had been offered to the idols. For this they were arrested and brought to trial. By tradition they were first examined before the emperor himself and then handed over to the governor Dulcitius, who attempted by threats and pressure to make them renounce their faith; when he failed, the case passed to the official Sisinius, who pronounced sentence upon them.

Sisinius ordered that Agape and Chionia be burned alive, and the two sisters surrendered their souls in the fire. The synaxarion relates that when the fire died down their bodies and even their garments were found unharmed by the flames, their faces peaceful as though they were asleep. Irene, the youngest, remained steadfast under further interrogation and was condemned the following day; she was put to death by an arrow. By tradition their martyrdom fell around the time of Pascha, about the year 304.

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The edict against the Scriptures

The persecution under Diocletian, beginning in 303, included an edict that ordered Christians to hand over their copies of the Scriptures for destruction, on pain of death. The defining act of the sisters in the tradition is their refusal to surrender these books, which they hid and preserved rather than betray. Their resistance places them among the confessors who suffered specifically for guarding the written word of the Church.

Accounts associated with the Greek tradition relate that, learning of the edict, the sisters withdrew from the city and lived a life of prayer and asceticism on a mountain together with an elder before they were discovered and seized.

Companions in martyrdom

The tradition names several others tried in company with the three sisters, among them the women Cassia, Philippa, and Eutychia and a young man named Agathon. One of those arrested was reported to have been spared immediate execution on account of pregnancy. The sisters themselves remained the central figures of the commemoration, the two elder being burned and Irene martyred shortly afterward.

Notes

One cluster commemoration of the three sisters martyred together (c. 304).

Sources: OCA Synaxarion (oca.org), Lives of the Saints; en.wikipedia.org